A little background:
When Jesus quoted Scripture He was quoting from what we know as “The Old Testament”. This is something to remember when we read His words like: “As it is written…..” . Jesus is referring to the Jewish Canons. Jesus, Mary, and Joseph were Faithful Jews and they knew the Jewish “Scripture” very well. Jesus, no doubt, spoke Aramaic and Greek. Until after the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus (A.D. 70) the “Christians” (followers of Christ) were regarded as a sect of the Jews. The Apostles considered themselves to be Jewish and having met the promised Messiah.
Two thousand years later, we may tend to think that the Jewish Faith of that time was monolithic – characterized by massiveness and rigidity and total uniformity. This is not the case. For example most Jews favored only scripture that was written in Hebrew and written in the Holy Land. This would be the Palestinian Canons. Other Jews favored the Alexandrian Canon which contained some Greek passages. The Alexandrian Canon has seven more books than the Palestinian Canon. See where the seven “Extra” books comes from in the Catholic Bible? We trace those books back to the time of Jesus. Where Christ quotes from “scripture”, and when the Apostles quote from “scripture”, they are quoting from the ALEXANDRIAN CANONS – the one with the seven “Extra” books! The Catholic Bible contains all the books that have traditionally been accepted by Christians since the Canon of Scripture was recognized by the Synod of Rome in 382.
The earliest Christians did not have an exactly defined canon of Scripture. Concerning the books of the Old Testament, the early Church generally used the Septuagint (the Greek translation of the Old Testament, translated about 250 B.C.). There was a difference within Judaism before Christ about the Old Testament. The Alexandrian canon was the longer canon and was the basis for the Septuagint. After the Temple was destroyed in 70 A.D. the Jewish Council of Jamma eventually rejected the longer Alexandrian canon. Their reason was that they only had Greek texts of these books which at that time was considered “un-Jewish.” They did not know at the time that the Hebrew originals of these books existed. There was some debate within the early Church as to the legitimacy of these “deuterocanonical” books. But Jerome translated all of them in the Vulgate, and the early Church recognized them at the Synod of Rome in 382.
Remember, St. Jerome was commissioned to translate all scripture of “Old Testament” into LATIN by Pope Clementine about 370 AD. St. Jerome included these seven books with history going back to 250 B.C. The Douay Rheims Bible is a word for word translation of the Vulgate. Douay Rheims has been used for 1500 years in the Catholic Church.
Now about 1500 years after Christ, and 1100 years after the Latin Vulgate, Martin Luther decided to favor the Palestinian Canons from a different group of Jewish Faithful. Luther removed the books that had been used by Christians for 1100 years+ and also used by Christ and the Apostles.
These include 1 and 2 Maccabees, Judith, Tobit, Baruch, Sirach, and Wisdom, and additions to the books of Esther and Daniel. These books are called Deuterocanonical by Catholics and Orthodox and Apocryphal by Jews and Protestants.
Quick summary: Catholics assembled the Bible and included books used by Christ and the Apostles. The Catholic Bible remained for 1100 years… essentially the same. Around 1550, seven books were removed from the Bible with 1100 year tradition.